Skip to main content

Chain of title

A chain of title is defined as the historical transfers of ownership title towards a property. It is a valuable tool that show the past owners of a property and serves as a property's historical ownership title. 
For better understanding, chain of title simply refers to a document showing the past owners of a property to the present. For example, a land that was owned by Mr. John Bally was sold to Mr. Cam You in the year 1942, later on Mr. Cam You sold it to Mr. First Born in the year 1972 which is presently the owner of the property. The chain of title, is the successive sequence of the documentation of the historical owners to the present; that is: Mr. John Bally (landlord 1920-1942), Mr. Cam You (landlord 1942-1972) and Mr. First Born (landlord 1972-till date).
Chain of title is a legal document, and so it is maintained by a registry office or civil law notary.

Chain of title for real estate or property 
Real estate are one of the field were the chain of title is taking more seriously or it is significant. Most registration system have been developed to track the ownership of individual piece of real estate property; such as the Torrens title system.
In the United States, the insurance companies, issue title insurance based upon the chain of title to a property when it is transferred.
In some cases, the chain of title is established by an abstract of title, sometimes but not always, certified by an attorney

Chain of title for copyrights, trademarks and right of publicity
In the movie industry, the chain of title involves the series of documentation which proprietary (ownership of a property) right in a film.
Chain of title documentation include:

  1. Copyright clearance on music from the regional collecting society, and to a less common extent, footage of other films.
  2. Trademark clearance 
  3. Talent agreement , which should incorporate a legal release from the actors (including crowds), directors, cinematographers, choreographers or others, to use their work, images likeness and other personality rights in a film
  4. Proof of errors and omission insurance.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Maxwell fourth equation

The Maxwell fourth equation is called "the modified Ampere's circuital law". Statement: It states that the line integral of the magnetic field H around any closed part or circuit is equal to the current enclosed by the path. Differential form (without modification): That is, $$\int H.dL = I$$ Let the current be distributed through the current with current density J, then: $$I = \int J. ds$$ This implies that: $$\int H.dL = \int J.ds$$ .........(9) Applying Stokes theorem to the LHS of equ(9) to change line integral to surface integral we have: $$\int_{s} (\nabla X H).ds = \int_{s} J.ds$$ Since, two surface integrals are equal only if their integrands are equal. Thus, $$\nabla X H =J$$ .........(10) Equ(10) is the differential form of Maxwell fourth equation (without modification) Take divergence of equ(10) $$\nabla.(\nabla X H) = \nabla.J$$ Since, the divergence of the curl of a vector is zero.  Therefore, $$\nabla.(\nabla X H) = 0$$ It means that $...
Post a Comment
Read more

Time dependent Schrodinger equation

Recall from the time independent Schrodinger equation: $$-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m} \nabla^{2} \psi(r) + V(r) \psi(r) = E \psi(r)$$ ........(1) Multiply both sides of equ (1) by \(\phi(t)\), we have: $$-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m} \nabla^{2} \psi(r) \phi(t) + V(r) \psi(r) \phi(t) = E \psi(r) \phi(t)$$ ..........(2) Recall: $$\psi(r) \phi(t) = \Psi(r,t)$$ .............(3) Substitute equ (3) into equ (2): $$-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m} \nabla^{2} \Psi(r,t) + V(r) \Psi(r,t) = E \Psi(r,t)$$ .........(4) Recall that the well known Planck-Einstein relation is given by: $$E = hv$$ ...........(5) And also, the reduced Planck's constant is given by: $$\hbar = \frac{h}{2\pi}$$ ................(6) Also recall that time dependence is given by: $$\phi(t) = C_+ exp(-i2\pi vt) + C_- exp(i2\pi vt)$$ ..........(7) Substituting equ (6) into (5), we have: $$V = \frac{E}{\hbar 2 \pi}$$ ..........(8) Substitute equ (8) into equ (7) $$\phi(t) = C_+ exp(-i2 \pi \frac{E}{\hbar 2 \pi} t)  + C_- exp(i2 \pi \f...
Post a Comment
Read more

Schrodinger equation as a law in physics

The unified theory of wave-particle duality has been used to derive the Schrödinger equations. The Schrodinger equations are generally accepted, by postulate rather than derivation, to be laws of physics. The Schrodinger equations provide a basis for analyzing many kinds of systems (molecular, atomic, and nuclear) in a particular inertial reference frame. The success of the Schrödinger equations constitutes a basis for accepting them, their derivations, and the unified theory of wave-particle duality which makes such derivations possible. This acceptance is completely justified in the favored inertial reference frame. In accord with the principle of relativity, all physical laws must be the same in all inertial reference frames, i.e., all physical laws must be Lorentz invariant. Recall, the relationship: $$\nabla^{2} \psi = \frac{\partial^{2} \psi}{\partial t^{2}}$$ ...........(1) Equ (1) is Lorentz invariant and reduces, by means of the procedure presented in the previou...
Post a Comment
Read more